What is thyroid storm? Doctor explains alarming signs, risk factors, treatment options | Health

Alarming symptoms of thyroid storm:

• Very high fever (typically above 100°F).
• Extreme tachycardia which means heart rates often exceeding 140 bpm.
• Severe anxiety, agitation, or irritability.
• Disorientation or confusion (may also lead to loss of consciousness).
• Profuse sweating and heat intolerance.
• Gastrointestinal upset including severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
• In severe cases, heart failure or jaundice.

What does it feel like?

“Due to racing heartbeat, high fever, anxiety, a patient might feel shaky, nauseated, confused and overwhelmed. This is a medical crisis that requires immediate hospitalisation,” Dr L. Sudarshan Reddy explained. Also read | World Thyroid Day 2025: Top 5 nutrients you cannot miss out on and need to include in your diet

Risk factors:

• Individuals with untreated hyperthyroidism, especially those with conditions like Graves’ disease or toxic thyroid nodules.
• Women are more commonly affected than men.
• Most patients experiencing a thyroid storm are in their early 40s.

How is thyroid storm treated?

Thyroid storm is diagnosed by thyroid function tests and viral monitoring. Once the patient is admitted to the hospital, the treatment focuses on stabilising vital signs and lowering thyroid hormone levels. The treatment plan includes:

• IV fluids and electrolytes to correct dehydration.
• Cooling measures to reduce body temperature.
• Oxygen therapy for respiratory support.
• Beta blockers (usually IV) to slow heart rate and reduce cardiac strain.
• Anti-thyroid medications (thionamides) to suppress hormone synthesis.
• Iodine to inhibit hormone release.
• Steroids (glucocorticoids) to reduce inflammation and hormone conversion.
• Supportive care to manage anxiety and organ stress. Also read | Thyroid health: Functions, disorders and 5 tips to manage thyroid wellness

Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.